Impact of the Federal Government Shut Down - 790 Words

The federal government shutdown that happened for two weeks in October of 2013 had a big impact on the economy. Congress failed to pass legislation that that funds government spending in which the impact affected businesses, jobs, and billions of dollars that were lost during the event. Many people dealt with the hardship of the shutdown due to the fact that the money that was stalled provided their necessities of life. The federal employees were furloughed which left hundreds of thousands of people on a leave of absence without pay. That is a big factor because without pay people without a check couldn’t feed themselves or their family let allow afford to pay their bills. It could of pose a major problem for some because not all bill†¦show more content†¦With the Department of Education having neither a budget nor a full staff, ongoing and proposed scientific research are not a priority.† College students who rely on grants from the federal government to atten d school affect them which stall their process of furthering their education and developing careers. Import and export have been affected by the situation since the licenses and applications were put on hold causing an influence on trades. According to the Wall Street Journal, â€Å"More than 40 government agencies, including the EPA, the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Commerce, are involved in trade shipments, U.S. technology companies cant fill overseas orders because they cannot obtain U.S. Department of Commerce authorization to export. Steel imports are stranded at customs-clearance warehouses awaiting paperwork.† Things that required special authorization from government agencies for international shipping such as certain electronics and other goods have been delay causing businesses to slow down production. Furthermore, stating that trading is an important asset to the economy and more than 10 million people jobs that were supported by exports. Nat ional parks and monuments that depended on the government were closed. Millions of dollars were lost because tourists were unable to explore the attractions which halted money that could have been spent at the parks and surrounding businesses as well. Hotels andShow MoreRelatedMake a Wall1122 Words   |  5 PagesBorder Patrolling. During the creation of the Department of Homeland Security, the U.S. Border Patrol and other federal agencies merged were called into a new U.S. Agency Customs and Border Protection. 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An Argument Against Same Sex Marriage - 981 Words

David Masci conducts interviews on the topic of same-sex marriage and presents them in the transcripts titled â€Å"An Argument against Same-Sex Marriage: An Interview with Rick Santorum† and â€Å"An Argument for Same-Sex Marriage: An Interview with Jonathan Rauch†. Masci interviews two people with completely different stances regarding same-sex marriage. He interviews Rick Santorum, an ex-senator and devout Christian, who is against same-sex marriage then Jonathan Rauch, a gay rights activist, who is for same-sex marriage. Santorum and Rauch both spend a great amount of time speaking about the institution of marriage and although they make some compelling arguments, I feel that neither provide an argument that I can fully agree with. When speaking on same-sex marriage, a major point is always how this will affect the institution of marriage. 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Research Proposal on the Ethical Codes of Conduct in Business of McDon

Question: Research proposal on the ethical codes of conduct in business of mcdonalds. Answer: 1. Business Research Topic The business research proposal has been presented to make discussion on an initial research about the ethical codes of conduct in modern organisations. Moral principles and ethical considerations are highly valuable for any business organisation operating in any market. Hence, the business research proposal will identify the significant value of ethical codes of conduct on the performance and productivity of an organisation for sustainable business objectives (Qureshi and Hassan, 2013). Invariably, the research will eventually structure how ethical codes of conduct can support behavioural and legal standards of a business enterprise. In this particular research paper, McDonalds has been selected as the organisation to commence the business research programme. By identifying the business environment of McDonalds, the research proposal will analyse the impact of ethical standards on the corporate social responsibility of the food chain retail business. 1.1 Aim and Objectives The precise aim and objectives of the research proposal are to analyse critically the moral principles attached to organisational codes of conduct in an organisation such as McDonalds. As the food chain, retail business of McDonalds has outlets all across the global market; it is evident to create some ethical codes of conducts to be followed at the organisational level to improve the standard of performance (Seiam and Abo-Ahmeed, 2006). Apart from that, the proposal will identify how the moral codes of conducts have influenced the commitment of the organisation towards the target demographics featured around the globe. 1.2 Problem Statement Being one of the biggest food retail business chains of the global market, McDonalds has to deal with different people with diverse culture and ethics. Hence, for a multinational corporation such as McDonalds ethical codes of conducts should be mandatory to maintain a sustainable social contribution promoting corporate social responsibility (Thaler and Helmig, 2014). Therefore, in modern business perspective, sustainable maintenance of organisational ethical codes of conducts has been a problem for the modern business enterprises. 1.3 Purpose and Benefits The research outcome will clearly identify how efficient, ethical codes of conducts can influence the organisational staffs for better performance and productivity to improve the social status of McDonalds. By understanding the current set of employee policy of the organisation, the significant discussion can be made to restructure the policies so that employees attached to the organisation can become more responsible by following ethical codes of conducts to maintain business sustainability (Smith and Colvin, 2016). In this way, the organisation can set highest standards in front of the consumers and the social public. 2. Review of background Literature Ethical Codes of Conducts are highly valuable in corporate governance to maintain significant duties and responsibilities within the workplace. The fundamental principles of the codes of conducts will determine how the organisational employees should perform for better productivity. Basic guidelines of regulations and ethics in business have promoted to keep the employees honest and loyal to the organisation (Black, 2013). Apart from that, there are some following discussions to be made in the case of implementing ethical codes of conducts. 2.1 Conformity with Laws and Regulations The ethical codes of conducts must promote significant regulations and laws towards the employees so that they can become more responsible and work efficiently within the workplace. In a diverse workforce management, ethical codes of conduct can provide working uniformity and effective job responsibility to the organisational members (Messick and Tenbrunsel, 2006). Conformity with rules, regulations and laws can promote highest workplace standards supportive for customer satisfaction. Such attributes can provide clear progress for business. 2.2 Conflicts of Interest Global MNCs have mostly hired diversified workforce for efficient productivity. Hence, ethical codes of conducts will become mandatory for promoting corporate culture. McDonalds has identified the employee conflicts of interest within the workforce and has acted very wisely to provide personal benefits and compensation on the basis of ethical considerations (Kitchener, 2010). Employees have to follow the ethical codes strictly to maintain a good relationship with partners, suppliers, distributors and customers. In this way, standard codes of conduct can reduce any conflicts of interest (Mohd.Salleh and Mohd.Saata, 2010). 2.3 Health and Safety In order to protect employee health and safety, organisational ethical codes of conducts are significant. The principles of codes have strengthened the relationship within the workforce so that safe and secure health practices can be implemented (Mujtaba and Patel, 2011). By following the codes, employees will become more responsible towards the co-workers providing adequate support in case of any emergency circumstances. Also, workplace violence and other absurd situations can be avoided by promoting efficient, ethical principles among the workforce. 2.4 Discrimination and Harassment The equal employment opportunity has been a crucial aspect of McDonalds Ethical Code of Conduct (Getz, 2010). The fundamental codes of ethics of the organisation do not tolerate any illegal discrimination or workplace harassment towards any staffs. In this way, the employees of the food chain business can concentrate on individuals performance to get the best output for the organisation. Clean and formidable ethical codes have efficiently promoted high work culture to the employees so that their performance can be improved at a staggered pattern (Giorgini et al., 2015). 2.5 Responsibility towards the customers For food retail business chain such as McDonalds, the customer relationship is one of the major business aspects. Therefore, high standards of ethical principles can endorse significant customer services so that responsibility towards the customers can be featured. In restaurant premises, the behaviour of the staffs can impress the customers so that the relationship with the consumers can be strengthened (Hill and Rapp, 2014). In this way, the reputation of the retail food business has been increased to a standard level. 2.6 Corporate Social Responsibility By promoting standards of Ethical Codes of Conduct, McDonalds has created significant corporate social responsibility towards the society. By following the social trend, the staffs promote health and hygiene at the highest level. Apart from that, honesty and integrity in business have supported at the highest level to gain competitive advantage (Carroll and Gannon, 2007). Furthermore, the organisation influences its employees to participate in social charity programmes to support the community in different areas. Meanwhile, the Ethical Codes of Conduct has become an integral support system for the business functions (Kang, 2012). 3. Research Questions It can be seen through a brief study that McDonalds runs different charity programs to imply corporate social responsibilities in the organisational practices (Warhurst, 2011). There are several questions that arise while studying the ethical codes that must be followed by any business to seek success in a sustainable manner. The research questions that will be used to conduct the study are presented herein below: How is the concept Corporate Social Responsibility is used by McDonalds to seek sustainable growth of business? How can corporate social responsibility used to reduce discrepancy between employees and organisation? Is the methods used by McDonalds to implement corporate social responsibility complies with the ethical codes and conducts? What rules and regulations must be followed by McDonalds to seek sustainable growth of business? Can sustainable approach of business be helpful in setting organisational peace and increasing the business of McDonalds? What sort of changes is needed by McDonalds to seek success in the market by using ethical approaches of business? 4. Research Methodology Research methodology presents the research design that will be used to conduct the study. The study will be conducted using qualitative as well as quantitative research methods. The research methodology has been discussed herein below: Qualitative research: The study mainly focuses on critical literature review using qualitative research methods that will be done using the articles and studies of previous authors. The literature review will be used to identify the research questions and further methodology that can be used to conduct the primary study. The qualitative analysis will also be used to present the findings in a thematic manner. Quantitative research: Secondly, the research focuses on conducting primary study using the feedbacks of customers and employees of McDonalds in the local market (Lohaus, 2006). Furthermore, the quantitative analysis will be conducted using statistical and mathematical tools such as SPSS to conduct different analysis will the variables. The statistical analysis will be used to judge the reliability of the collected data. Data Sampling: It is difficult to consider the entire population because of the limitation of the research. Hence, a purposive sampling technique will be used to choose the prior literatures that are used for the descriptive study. It helps to choose the literatures according to the needs of the study. In order to sample the survey participants, a random sampling technique will be used in which every third customer or employee of the company will be chosen for the interview and survey process to provide their feedback. 5. Project Plan Time is the major limitation of a research paper. Hence, it is important to plan the research activities according to the given time to complete the paper within the deadline. A Gantt chart has been presented below showing the activities schedule of the business research study. Gantt Chart Milestones Activities Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Research Proposal Topic Selection Evaluation of secondary information Prepare research proposal Research proposal Submission Literature Review Groundwork of literature Literature review submission Research Methodology Evaluation of research methodology Prepare interview process Data collection analysis report submission Final Research Report Primary data collection Data Analysis and evaluation Contrasting findings Drawing discussion Prepare recommendations and conclusions Submission of Final Business Research Thesis 6. Research Process The first stage of the research paper begins with the choice of the research topic. In this research, the Ethical Codes of Conduct in Business of McDonalds has been chosen as a topic for further study. After choosing the topic a brief study has been made on prior literatures on ethical practices and McDonalds way of business. The research questions are prepared and methodologies are decided to prepare a research proposal. Further a deeper literature review will be conducted studying different articles, books, company reports and internet sources. The literature review will helps to develop better understanding of the research questions and develop proper methodology for conducting further study. After the preparation of the data collection and analysis techniques, the data will be collected from the primary sources in terms of interviews and surveys. The collected data will be converted into variables to conduct further analysis. Here comes the interpretation and analysis of the data that will be done using qualitative and quantitative tools (Crawford, 2012). The results and findings of the study will be presented in graphical, statistical and tabular format, along with descriptive discussion to recommended necessary policy changes for the organisation. All this information will be transcriptive in a report to submit the final business research report by the given deadline. 7. Data Collection and Analysis Data collection and analysis has been identified as an important and most complicated activity of a research study. It is important to collect the data appropriately to increase the database for the research. There are two different types of data collection method that will be used to conduct the research. The first is the collection of data from the primary sources, in which the data will be collected from the customers and employees of McDonalds to observe the current overview of the organisation and the market (Williams, 2010). A survey will be conducted with the help of questionnaires to collect the feedback of the employees and customers of the company and observe what they think about the CSR and ethical codes of McDonalds. Furthermore, the secondary data collection method will be used to collect data from newspaper articles, journal articles, books, government reports, company reports and internet sources. The secondary data will be used to conduct a literature review to evalu ate the theories and apply them in real world business of McDonalds. SPSS tool will be used to analyse the primary data and present them in the results and findings section in the form of graphs, tables and calculations. 8. Expected Research Outcomes It is already known that the main objective of the paper is to analyse the different rules and regulations that must be considered while preparing the corporate social responsibility policies of McDonalds, several ethical codes and conducts will b evaluated. Furthermore, it is expected that the study will help to develop the policies to improve the sales of the organisation. The CSR policies will further improve the brand image and reputation of McDonalds. Along with that, the CSR policies will help the McDonalds to reduce the conflicts with the employees and maintain the legal rules and obligations to carry on ethical business operations (Campbell and Scott, 2011). The research will help in improving the current practices of McDonalds and help the company to have sustainable growth of business. 9. Ethical Checklist In this research study programme, there are some significant limitations to be followed to provide a better outcome of the events. Moreover, the research study must confirm that no human being can be impacted emotionally or physically in an adverse way during the ongoing research. Along with that, some of the rules and regulation checklists must be maintained in conducting the research study. For further consideration, the ethics checklist has been attached in Appendix 1. References Black, R. (2013). Ethical Codes in Humanitarian Emergencies: From Practice to Research?.Disasters, 27(2), pp.95-108. Campbell, S. and Scott, J. (2011). Process of conducting qualitative research.Nurse Researcher, 18(2), pp.4-6. Carroll, S. and Gannon, M. (2007).Ethical dimensions of international management. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications. Crawford, S. (2012). Evaluation of Web Survey Data Collection Systems.Field Methods, 14(3), pp.307-321. Getz, K. (2010). International codes of conduct: An analysis of ethical reasoning.J Bus Ethics, 9(7), pp.567-577. Giorgini, V., Mecca, J., Gibson, C., Medeiros, K., Mumford, M., Connelly, S. and Devenport, L. (2015). Researcher Perceptions of Ethical Guidelines and Codes of Conduct.Accountability in Research, 22(3), pp.123-138. Hill, R. and Rapp, J. (2014). Codes of Ethical Conduct: A Bottom-Up Approach.J Bus Ethics, 123(4), pp.621-630. Kang, J. (2012). The relationship between corporate diversification and corporate social performance.Strat. Mgmt. J., 34(1), pp.94-109. Kitchener, K. (2010).Foundations of ethical practice, research, and teaching in psychology. Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Associates. Lohaus, A. (2006). Standardizations in methods of data collection: Adverse effects on reliability?.Australian Psychologist, 21(2), pp.241-251. Messick, D. and Tenbrunsel, A. (2006).Codes of conduct. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Mohd.Salleh, N. and Mohd.Saata, R. (2010). Ethical codes of conduct and practices using human subjects.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, pp.2021-2025. Mujtaba, B. and Patel, B. (2011). McDonalds Success Strategy And Global Expansion Through Customer And Brand Loyalty.Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS), 3(3), p.55. Qureshi, A. and Hassan, M. (2013). Impact of performance management on the organisational performance: An analytical investigation of the business model of McDonalds.IJAREMS, 2(5). Seiam, W. and Abo-Ahmeed, M. (2006). The Extent of the Auditor's Compliance in Jordan with the Ethical Codes of Professional Conduct.eco, 20(2), pp.199-248. Smith, K. and Colvin, L. (2016). Creating and Implementing Codes of Ethical Conduct.Employment Relations Today, 43(1), pp.95-101. Thaler, J. and Helmig, B. (2014). The Impact of Codes of Conduct and Ethical Leadership on Public Employees' Attitudes and Behaviors.Academy of Management Proceedings, 2014(1), pp.16180-16180. Warhurst, A. (2011). Corporate Citizenship and Corporate Social Investment.Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 2001(1), pp.57-73. Williams, O. (2010).Global codes of conduct. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press.

Internationalization of Koyo Jeans free essay sample

Motive for Internationalization i. Internal Factors9 ii. External Factors9 5. National Competitive Advantage i. Porter’s Diamond10 a) Firm strategy, Structure and Rivalry b) Demand Condition c) Factor Condition d) Supporting Industries ii. Recommendation of country11 6. Entry Strategy12 7. Entry Strategy Evaluation i. Suitability13 ii. Feasibility13 8. Conclusion13 9. Recommendation13 References14 Appendices Executive Summary This report is carried out to recommend an entry strategy for Koyo Jeans for its internationalization purposes. A step by step approach has been carried out in order to fully understand its current position and where it can see itself going. Firstly, the environmental analysis of the current markets it operates in has been carried out. The strengths and weaknesses have also been identified in order to base on them throughout the entire analysis and use them to the firm’s advantage. Secondly, new markets have been considered based on research. The motive for internationalization has been established in order to have a concrete understanding of where and why it is looking to expand. We will write a custom essay sample on Internationalization of Koyo Jeans or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The various factors that are pulling or/and pushing Koyo Jeans have also been examined. 2 new markets have been considered and they will be compared with various frameworks such as Porter’s Diamond to conclude which market is best for Koyo Jeans at the current situation. A country is recommended based on all the above findings. Finally, the various entry strategies are considered and based on the suitability and feasibility of the company’s resources, a single entry strategy is recommended. The report is then concluded based on the entire analysis of the various findings. Last but not the least, final recommendations are made of what to look out for when expanding and how the entry strategy can be carried out even more efficiently. 1. Introduction 1. 1 Purpose The purpose of this report is to evaluate the internationalization strategy of Koyo Jeans and make recommendations to the Board of Directors on suitable future internationalization options available to the business. 1. 2 Background Koyo Jeans is the brain child of William Cheung, a Hong Kong designer. Having started as a wholesaler, it entered the high-end fashion world as a male brand. Its target customers are denim lovers aged 18-25 who have an interest in gothic and French romance theme. It is established as a high-end, international brand after opening a shop in Harbour City winning buyers at Galeries Lafayette. It has ever since been rapidly expanding through franchising, especially in China. Koyo also sponsors outfits of artists celebrities to increase their brand awareness and presence in the market. Koyo Williams is another brand which is positioned as a high-end fashion brand, but for the purpose of this report the concentration will be on Koyo Jeans. Franchising and self operated stores have been Koyo’s strategy of expanding. Currently 2. Environmental Analysis (Current Markets) i. Micro Environment (Porter’s 5 Forces) Figure Hong Kong Figure France Figure Singapore Porter’s 5 forces has been applied to analyse the micro environment of Koyo Jeans in the current markets namely Hong Kong, France and Singapore. We can therefore conclude that the bargaining power of suppliers and bargaining power of buyers are relatively high in all the 3 countries. Koyo goods are all being manufactured in China now; giving the suppliers the upper hand. Apart from well established brands, new entrants are also possible with/without substitute such Cargos and Jeans, therefore increasing the competition for Koyo. ii. PESTEL of Koyo Jeans (Currents Markets) From analyzing the 3 current markets of Koyo (Appendix B), we can conclude that Koyo has been focusing on the Asian market, more specifically Asia-Pacific. We have to consider the fact that Koyo is a fairly new player and therefore has not taken many farfetched risks. Even though it has a market in France; if we look deeper we can see that it has only one store there. iii. Internal Factors With the help of the Value Chain (Appendix D), we are able to conclude that Cheung was able to add value to the company in 3 key regions which in turn increased the profit margin. Quality textile was sourced from Taiwan at very competitive prices. The operations were streamlined and bettered over time. Lastly, his careful selection of franchises helped him maintain control of the business and there by add value over time. iv. Lifecycle Analysis – Current Markets Hong Kong: Growth Stage Although Hong Kong has enjoyed strong growth over the years, the textile industry has been seeing significant slowdown in growth since 2012 Singapore: Growth Stage – Singapore is the 2nd largest market for textile retail in the Asia Pacific zone over the years after Hong Kong and it too is facing the same challenges as Hong Kong France: Maturity Stage – France has been the world renowned market for the fashion industry but it has also been considered a mature market. v. SWOT/TOWS Analysis With reference to Appendix A, we can conclude the following: Koyo Jeans does produce quality products for its costs. The franchises it chooses to work with also helped it to maintain its service quality and uniform customer experience. It can also be seen as a weakness as Cheung has a strict selection criterion which has slowed the rate of Koyo’s expansion. Koyo has 1 store in France, which is not well known as well. The recession has affected Koyo as people are more likely to buy brands that are already established rather try something new during this time period. 3. External Analysis (New Markets) Microenvironment (Porter’s 5 Forces) Figure Brazil Figure USA From analysing the 2 Porter 5 forces framework of each country, we can say that there is more similarities than differences as both markets are totally new for Koyo Jeans and given that both are geographically distant as well. In Brazil however, due to cheaper cost of production, Koyo can consider it to produce goods in the future. In USA, Koyo can be considered having a stronger global presence. ii. PESTEL of Koyo Jeans (New Markets) From the detailed PESTEL of Brazil and USA in Appendix C we can summarize: USA has more stable political system than Brazil. Also, corruption is expected in certain cases in Brazil even when every criterion is met. ECONOMIC: Current GDP of Brazil is USD $2. 253 trillion (2012) which is forecasted to increase over the following years while USA is the largest economy of the world with a GDP of USD $16. 6 trillion (2012). SOCIAL: USA has larger literate population and main language is English, while the spending power of the middle class in Brazil is increasing. People in the USA are more exposed to technology and more comfortable with  it, while the government of Brazil is spending 1% of the GDP on RD to constantly progress in technology. ENVIRONMENTAL: Strong environmental policies are prevalent in both nations while USA has increased co-operation with China. LEGAL: The laws and policies are transparent in the USA while bribery is expected in Brazil in certain cases. In Brazil, sometimes â€Å"know-who† is more important than â€Å"know-how†. iii. Lifecycle Analysis (New Markets) Brazil: Growth Stage – Brazil is the 4th largest emerging market currently and the retail sector is projected to boom even more. Not to forget the 2014 FIFA World Cup and Rio 2016 Summer Olympics are also slated to happen in Brazil which again is an advantage. USA: Growth Stage – USA fortunately also falls in the growth stage but it does not have a steady and large growth compared to Brazil. Recession had hit the USA bad and its impact can still be seen in the market. iv. Opportunities Threats (New Markets) Brazil: Opportunities: As the 5th largest nation in terms of population and 7th largest economy, Brazil is in superb position in economic growth over the following years. It has a strong and growing middle class with increasing disposable income. Brazil is also a known place for its manufacturing industry. Its exports have also been steadily decreasing over the past years as consumption has increased within the country. Threats: There is imbalance in economic distribution though, therefore affecting the sales potential of companies looking to expand in the long run. USA: Opportunities: USA still holds the position of key influence in economic, political and military environments. Expanding into USA will give a global presence and better chance of being considered an international company and hence increasing brand image. Threats: The growth of the market is slow compared to Brazil. The economy is still recovering from recession and there is a threat of terrorism when compared to Brazil. 4. Motive for Internationalization i. Internal Factors Wide clothing collection such as jackets, coats, cashmere, wool. Good to production, due to continuous optimization. Koyo Jeans, a more mainstream line for the mass market and Koyo William a higher end, high class one. Franchise business model means able to expand easily. ii. External Factors Push factors: Its main market, China is becoming saturated. Cheung wants to make his brand an international brand. Pull factors: There are new emerging economies from the past few years. The BRIC nations. Their policies are encouraging foreign companies to set up business in their country. A chance to become international. 5. National Competitive Advantage i. Porter’s Diamond a) Factor Conditions: USA is more technologically advanced given the current situation, although Brazil is working towards it. The use of technology can be a great way to reach consumers. For example, through online shopping. People in the USA are more comfortable for such methods of purchase and is cost saving for Koyo Jeans as well. b) Demand Conditions: Aging population in USA Brazil as an emerging market has a stronger demand for consumption of goods when compared to the USA. c) Related and Supporting Industries: Large number of suppliers in Brazil who are also competitive, therefore acts as an advantage for Koyo Jeans as it will reduce the bargaining power of suppliers. d) Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry: The strategy of Koyo Jeans for expansion has been franchising. It reduces the cost of investment and at the same time gives more control. In order to follow this trend, USA is more realistic than Brazil as laws and policies are transparent in the USA. ii. Recommendation of country Considering all the data and analysis carried out above, the recommended country to enter for Koyo Jeans would be the United States of America. Although Brazil is better suited for manufacturing of goods/textiles for Koyo Jeans there is much more risk prevailing there as well. Koyo Jeans currently has an established line of production in Taiwan which it has improved over time. Shifting or changing it to Brazil will only cause Koyo Jeans time and money which it does not have. The cost of production in Brazil is forecasted to rise as everyone is making use of the opportunity. On the other hand, considering Koyo Jeans sets up only retail stores in Brazil, the weather is tropical and not suited for Koyo’s line up. Koyo Jean’s theme of Gothic and French Romance does not have a large market in Brazil as well. USA is better for the seasons for Koyo’s line up. It is where Hollywood is, which is Los Angeles. People are more sensitive to trends and celebrity endorsements. Having stores in the USA will give an international appeal and considered a global presence. The laws are much transparent and straight forward. It is also better for the long term of Koyo as it can expand to many other cities in the USA. 6. Market Entry Strategy Koyo Jeans should use the direct exporting method to the franchises it gives license to in the USA. Advantages for franchiser: Low investment Can internationalize quickly to many markets Low effort once established Can leverage franchisees’ local knowledge Disadvantages for franchiser: Maintaining control over franchisees may be difficult Franchiser has limited control over its assets abroad Risk creating future competitors It is usually considered a firm’s first foreign entry strategy because it is low risk, low cost, flexible and also easy withdrawal from the strategy with minimal liabilities if anything is to go wrong. Since Koyo is already exporting from Taiwan to China/Hong Kong, exporting is not a new area for Koyo Jeans. Exporting also has similar advantages to franchising and therefore both can go hand in hand and this is the best strategy for Koyo Jeans given its current situation. 7. Entry Strategy Evaluation i. Suitability Considering Koyo’s present strategy which has been franchising in the current market, it is more than safe to consider that the proposed strategy above will be suitable for the organization. It will benefit the firm and Cheung in achieving their goals, which is to expand globally with minimum risks. Feasibility As discussed above, Koyo has been expanding through franchising in China, therefore it has sufficient experience in terms of what to expect when choosing the same method to expand abroad. The financial, human, physical and intangible resources all prove to be feasible for Koyo Jeans. After considering the various factors and strategies, and through thorough analysis the country chosen and the entry strategy for the country will be the best option for Koyo Jeans to expand abroad with the least risk involved. 9. Recommendation It would be a challenge to find the right and most apt franchisees to expand in the USA although they have experience in the field in China. Expanding to another country is always a challenge no matter how familiar it may seem. Koyo Jeans should also consider selling its clothing through online platforms especially when expanding to USA. Gained chic Galeries Lafayette as a buyer, reinforcing its international reputation. Opened European flagship store in Paris (Etienne Marcel), positioning Koyo as international brand. Events, exhibitions, sponsoring singers, actors TV presenters’ outfits. Weaknesses Staff cannot follow all Cheung’s ideas; Cheung has to train his staff to understand his vision ex, it took them 2 years to understand how to display goods in window shops. Some production processes are still outsourced as Koyo’s workforce is still not fully experienced and training can take long. Speed is a major concern as it takes 10 days for a logistics cycle. Appeals to a small market segment as it is aimed at young consumers with a penchant for gothic style. Threats Lower consumer spending in Europe due to recession, could hinder Koyo’s expansion into this market. Because of climatic conditions some of Koyo’s collections ex, cashmere, wool, do not have a big market in Hong Kong and in Southern China. Strengths /opportunities Koyo brand gains international expansion and it entered the European market as it opened its flagship store in Paris as well as securing Galeries Lafayette as a buyer. The Harbour City store opening enhances Koyo’s brand image, positioning it as a high-end brand. This secures Koyo a privileged position in the Chinese market as Chinese consumers have a penchant for branded items where Koyo will have a market for its wide collection this way it will take advantage of economies of scale, which will lower production costs. Weaknesses/ opportunities Franchise model, Cheung will be more likely to spread his vision more widely, faster High entry standards for new franchisees, will increase his chances to render strategy successful Expand niche Weaknesses/ threats Expansion in Europe could be hindered by the fact that Cheung’s staff might not be able to follow all of his ideas and therefore Cheung might need to train his overseas staff himself. This could delay progress at franchises in Hong Kong and mainland China. Fail to further expand in Europe because of economic recession, could damage Koyo’s positioning as an international brand as well as its reputation in Hong Kong and mainland China. Strengths/ Threats Europe is plagued by very modest economic growth. In order to minimize this threat, Cheung should begin Koyo’s expansion into this market region by promoting its more mainstream range Koyo Jeans, which was created for everyday wear as well as being more accessible for consumers with average incomes. He should definitely exclude its more high-class line Koyo William (which is targeted to performers and for the stage) until Koyo will be better established in the European market. Opportunities/ Threats Booming economy in China as well as the rise of its middle class could offset the threat of failing to expand in Europe because of the economic recession. Strengths/ weaknesses Good quality clothes and international reputation could mean more demand. Appendix B PESTEL of current markets PESTEL of Hong Kong POLITICAL Transfer power from Britain to China No piracy laws in place ECONOMIC Slight growth decline Exchange rate SOCIO-CULTURAL Preference for foreigner brands Cantonese in Hong Kong and Mandarin mainland China TECHNOLOGICAL Competition from online retailers Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC) ENVIRONMENTAL Increased awareness on environmental issues Noise control Ordinance (construction)/ Noise Control Regulation (Vehicles) LEGAL No enforced regulations against intellectual property infringement Legal clauses for franchises PESTEL of Singapore POLITICAL Government stability Efficient and transparent laws Lowest corporate tax at 17% ECONOMIC Stable currency Insignificant impact of recession SOCIO-CULTURAL Labour market accustomed to expatriates Good literacy rate Widening trends in income inequality Minimum cultural barriers Shortage of skilled labour Aging population TECHNOLOGICAL Ranked 2nd in world class infrastructure – 2013 ENVIRONMENTAL Average EPI rank 69. 6 to 91 Conservation laws LEGAL Ranked 2nd for exiting business Ranked 3rd best for protection of intellectual Ranked 4th by World Bank for starting business Max 44 hours per week No minimum wage PESTEL of France POLITICAL EU employment and trading laws ECONOMIC Exchange rate Already established high end international brands Recession and austerity SOCIO-CULTURAL Young population migration Language and cultural differences TECHNOLOGICAL Differences in distribution channels ENVIRONMENTAL Sustainable and eco-friendly clothing LEGAL Binding contracts for franchisers/ consignments EU environmental laws Appendix C PESTEL of Brazil POLITICAL Relies on monetary policy. Interest rate has reduced from 12% in August 2011 to current 10. 5% (expect to reduce further) Possible negative short term forecast for start-up. Due to shortages in food supply, increasing domestic demand, and increases in produces prices are greatly impacting inflation. But with lower GDP growth, inflation rate is expected to reduce to 4. 32%. Important to note that with domestic consumption increasing and oil prices likely to be raised in the future, inflation will remain a challenge. Growth Acceleration Programme – USD 240 billion investment plan Currently the focus is on energy, logistics, social and urban projects. Many infrastructures under current construction are to facilitate the hosting of 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympic Games. Current focus is to improve the business environment of the country. For example, improve the efficiency of transport which in turn will potentially attract even more foreign investors. Corruption is expected when business are seeking government contract, and also occurring when business must deal with government regulatory bodies. New entrants may be cornered to commit bribery to obtain contracts. ECONOMIC Current GDP of Brazil is USD 2. 253 trillion (2012). Exports in 2012 totaled USD 201. 9 billion. Main exports were manufactured goods, iron ore, coffee, orange and other agricultural produce. Its main export partners are China, US and Argentina. Imports amounted to USD 181. 6 billion. Government forecasted the growth of the economy of 3. 5% in 2011, compared with 7. 5% in 2010. Economy composition †¢ Services 64%†¢ Agriculture 8%†¢ Industry 28% SOCIAL There has been a steady increase in consumer demand from the middle class. Current situation is as follows: High class 11% Middle class 67% Lower class 22% Unfortunately still 20% of population is illiterate which makes Brazil fall behind other developing economies. As a result many companies are reluctant to invest in Brazil’s economy. TECHNOLOGICAL Spending on RD is stable around 1% GDP. Government makes sure there is constant technological progress and advancement. Information Technology: 1,000,000 new IT professional by 2012 300. 000 of those professional will be required to serve the technology export market. There is regular advancement and progress in this area. Intercommunication and Global Communication: More communication between areas of Brazil develop through the use of internet More access to information technologies mean more access to other area of the world. Maturity of technology: Recently becoming up to date with use of technology. Technological Accessibility Technological agreement: For example; European Union – Agreement for Scientific and Technological Cooperative (2004) Patents: highest levels of patents application in South America. ENVIRONMENTAL Policies for protecting the environment and reducing deforestation to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emission.

Conjugating Diriger (to Direct) in French

Conjugating Diriger (to Direct) in French In French, the verb  diriger  means to direct. Its a simple word, though conjugating it to the past, present, or future tense can be a little tricky. Thats because there are a few spelling changes that you need to watch out for. Dont worry, though, a  quick lesson will show you how to handle this verb. Conjugating the French Verb  Diriger Diriger  is a  spelling change verb  and it follows the pattern of other verbs that end in -ger. This includes  dà ©ranger  (to disturb)  and  bouger  (to move), among others. The spelling change is subtle  but important. As you study the table of conjugations, notice how a few forms follow the G with an I rather than an E. This is done to ensure that the G is pronounced with a soft sound because certain vowels typically change it to a hard sound. With that in mind, simply match the subject pronoun with the present, future, or imperfect past tense. For instance, I direct is je dirige and we will direct is nous dirigerons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je dirige dirigerai dirigeais tu diriges dirigeras dirigeais il dirige dirigera dirigeait nous dirigeons dirigerons dirigions vous dirigez dirigerez dirigiez ils dirigent dirigeront dirigeaient The Present Participle of  Diriger To change  diriger  to the  present participle, add -ant  to the verb stem to create  dirigeant. This is quite versatile as it acts as a verb, adjective, gerund, or noun as needed. The Passà © Composà © and Past Participle A  common way to express the past tense directed is with the passà © composà ©. To form this, add the  past participle  dirigà ©Ã‚  to the subject pronoun and appropriate conjugation of the  auxiliary verb  avoir. For example, I directed is jai dirigà © and we directed is nous avons dirigà ©. Notice how  ai  and  avons  are conjugates of  avoir  and the past participle does not change. More Simple  Diriger  Conjugations There may also be times when you need to use one of the following conjugations. The subjunctive verb mood is useful when there is some degree of uncertainty to the verb. Likewise, the conditional is used when it may or may not happen because the action depends on something. Those are used more often than the other two forms. Its likely that you will only encounter the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive in formal writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je dirige dirigerais dirigeai dirigeasse tu diriges dirigerais dirigeas dirigeasses il dirige dirigerait dirigea diriget nous dirigions dirigerions dirigemes dirigeassions vous dirigiez dirigeriez dirigetes dirigeassiez ils dirigent dirigeraient dirigrent dirigeassent To express  diriger  in commands or requests, use the imperative form. When doing so, the subject pronoun is not required, so you can use dirige rather than  tu dirige. Imperative (tu) dirige (nous) dirigeons (vous) dirigez

Cynodictis - Facts and Figures

Cynodictis - Facts and Figures Name: Cynodictis (Greek for in-between dog); pronounced SIGH-no-DIK-tiss Habitat: Plains of North America Historical Epoch: Late Eocene-Early Oligocene (37-28 million years ago) Size and Weight: About two feet long and 5-10 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Long, narrow muzzle; low-slung body    About Cynodictis As has happened with so many other once-obscure prehistoric animals, Cynodictis owes its current popularity to its cameo appearances on the BBC series Walking with Beasts: in one episode, this early carnivore was shown chasing away a juvenile Indricotherium, and in another, it was a quick snack for a passing Ambulocetus (not a very convincing scenario, since this walking whale wasnt much bigger than its presumed prey!) Until recently, it was widely believed that Cynodictis was the first true canid, and thus lay at the root of 30 million years of dog evolution. Today, though, its relationship to modern dogs is more dubious: Cynodictis seems to have been a close relative of Amphicyon (better known as the Bear Dog), a type of carnivore that succeeded the giant creodonts of the Eocene epoch. Whatever its ultimate classification, Cynodictis certainly behaved like a proto-dog, chasing down small, furry prey on the boundless plains of North America (and possibly digging them out of shallow burrows as well).

Home Nursing Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Home Nursing - Dissertation Example The American Indians also had their own midwives and traditions of birthing (Rooks, 2006). Changes in the legislation and the education system were eventually made in order to introduce midwifery and nursing education in the schools. The regulation of the profession was also set forth with the implementation of government control and management in the 1920s; these regulations have been modified throughout the years (Rooks, 2006). In the 1800s, birthings were attended mostly by midwives; the rest by physicians. Physicians soon replaced the role of midwives in the birthing when the former were made to undergo more training in the field of birthing. Hospitalizations of birthing mothers became one of the means adapted in order to improve the skills of birthing doctors. Gradually, the number of midwives trickled to a limited population with most of them being relegated to rural communities (Rooks, 2006). Nurse-midwifery however slowly made a rebirth in North America with the Frontier Nurs ing Service (FNS) founded in poor rural county Kentucky in 1925 (Rooks, 2006). It was founded by Mary Breckenridge who was a public health nurse with the Red Cross France. She was trained by British midwives in the birthing process and she used these skills to help poor families in Kentucky (Rooks, 2006). These nurse-midwives attended births only until the 1950s when the hospitals created midwifery services to assist in the post war baby-boom. In the 1960s, only about 70 nurse midwives were in practice. These nurse-midwives were however very much influential because they advocated family-centred maternity care and assisted in childbirth education; they also illustrated the importance of mother-baby rooming, the importance of encouraging breast... This paper approves that in order to ensure that the nurse and the midwife, as well as other health professionals are equipped to deal with the home health patients they would be monitoring, proper training and workshops must be set-up for them. These workshops and trainings would properly inform them of the inclusive details of their practice in relation to the patient’s needs. It would enhance their knowledge and skills; it would also serve to update their knowledge about postpartum care; and it would help focus their skills towards more specific patient needs. Through these staff trainings and workshops, they would be trained to know what to expect from their patients and the danger signs which may be associated with at-risk patients. This report makes a conclusion that this research very enlightening but also very much difficult. We had to convince ourselves to focus on the research and to ensure that we would be able to reach and fulfill the goals of this research. This process was tedious at times, but we understood that these were essential parts of the research. We were prompted many times to ask help from my fellow nurses in the reflection process. They were very helpful and they gave me strong and very insightful details about our research. We learned about the benefits of teamwork and coordination and of communicating with other health professionals, not just nurses. We found out that with proper and respectful coordination, the patient can benefit well from the improved practice and collaboration of health professionals. The referral process would be automatic and routine, to a point wherein the flow of communication would be seamless. This research assisted in the development of my analytical skills.